The treatment of hair loss in women depends on the underlying cause. The earlier an appropriate therapy is started, the higher the chance of success.
Minoxidil and Other Medications
Minoxidil is the most thoroughly researched active ingredient for hereditary hair loss. Originally developed as a blood pressure medication, it works by dilating blood vessels and improving the nutrient supply to the hair roots. For women, a 2% concentration is recommended, while men usually use the 5% solution. Clinical studies have shown that regular use leads to a significant increase in hair growth. Additionally, topical corticosteroid preparations can be effective in treating circular hair loss (alopecia areata).
Hormone Therapy for PCOS or Menopause
In cases of hormonally induced hair loss, hormone therapy can help stop or slow down the process. For women with PCOS, antiandrogenic medications are used to reduce male hormone levels in the blood, which can help minimize hair loss. During menopause, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone can suppress the inhibitory effects of male hormones on the hair follicles.
Dietary Changes and Supplements
A balanced diet plays an essential role in maintaining healthy hair growth. Key nutrients include biotin, zinc, iron, vitamin D, proteins, and B vitamins. If deficiencies are identified, supplements may help, but they should only be taken after consulting a doctor. In cases of diffuse hair loss, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals can help repair structural damage to the hair. Zinc deficiency, in particular, is associated with various forms of hair loss, including circular hair loss.
Hair Transplantation
Hair transplantation offers a long-term solution for hereditary hair loss. During this procedure, hair follicles are taken from the back of the head (the donor area) and transplanted into areas affected by hair thinning or loss. The two most common techniques are the FUE method (Follicular Unit Extraction) and the FUT method (Follicular Unit Transplantation or strip harvesting). Permanent hair growth typically begins about 10–12 weeks after the procedure. For women, this method is particularly suitable in cases of diffuse hair loss or a high forehead hairline.
PRP Therapy (Autologous Blood Treatment)
In platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, a small amount of the patient’s own blood is processed to obtain plasma rich in platelets, which is then injected into the scalp. The platelets contain growth factors that stimulate the hair follicles and promote the growth of new hair. Initial improvements can be seen after two to three months, with optimal results achieved after six to twelve months. For the best outcome, three to four sessions spaced about four weeks apart are recommended, followed by annual maintenance treatments. This method is especially effective for early-stage hair loss.